Increasing the Livability of Open Public Spaces during Nighttime: The Importance of Lighting in Waterfront Areas

The contemporary way of life influences the forms and time framework outdoor activities in open public spaces, shifting their focus to nighttime usage. aim this study is demonstrate limits existing lighting design standards recommendations terms livability. As an exploratory case study, Sava waterfront New Belgrade, Serbia was chosen. methodology consisted theoretical research specific analysis, which included: (1) mapping spatial distribution users during several periods day; (2) criteria indicator network analysis quality, (3) a survey with questionnaire conducted among area. results showed that can influence overall space usage through its parameters. It affect sense safety comfort, as well duration, frequency, manner This could improve planning practices regarding lighting, enabling more active inclusive thus increasing livability spaces social sustainability.